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Carmen Campidoctoris
The ''Carmen Campidoctoris'' ("Song of the Campeador")〔The poem is untitled in the manuscript. ''Campidoctoris'' can be split: ''Campi Doctoris''.〕 is an anonymous medieval Latin epic poem, consisting in 128 sapphic-adonic verses in 32 stanzas, with one line from an unfinished thirty-third. The earliest poem about the Spanish folk hero El Cid Campeador,〔Later epic treatments include the ''Cantar de Mio Cid'', whose author may have relied on the ''Carmen'' (Fletcher, 190), and the ''Mocedades de Rodrigo''.〕 it was found in the monastery of Santa Maria de Ripoll in the seventeenth century and was transferred to the Bibliothèque nationale de France, where it currently resides as manuscript lat. 5132.〔The manuscript was copied about 1200, certainly by 1218. Besides the ''Carmen Campidoctoris'', it contains a poem celebrating the success of the First Crusade in 1099 and an encomium of Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona.〕
==Content==
Subjectwise, the poem is a narrative of three of El Cid's victories: over an unknown Navarrese champion, over count García Ordóñez de Cabra, and finally over the Berenguer Ramon II, Count of Barcelona. The poem begins conventionally, with the poet confessing his unworthiness to sing of such a hero as El Cid, and moves quickly through his subject's youth, his early triumph over the champion from Navarre, and his loyal service to Sancho II of Castile and Alfonso VI of León. The anonymous poet blames the Cid's subsequent exile from court on certain enemies who turn the king against him. But the Cid is victorious over the army of García Ordóñez that Alfonso sent against him. The poet then describes, in great detail, a description of the Cid arming himself for battle against the Count of Barcelona, at Almenar near Lérida. The poem ends abruptly, obviously incomplete, before the battle.
The description of the Cid's weapons, the earliest in the literature, contains references to chainmail, a silver-plated helm with a golden gem on it, a lance, an anonymous sword with golden ornamentation (which may be Tizona, based on the description), and a shield depicting a "fierce shining golden dragon" (which is the only surviving description of the Cid's shield).〔Barton, 162, quotes this passage in full in Latin with a translation from R. Wright, "The First Poem on the Cid—The ''Carmen Campi Doctoris''," ''Papers of the Liverpool Latin Seminar'', II, ed. F. Cairns (Liverpool, 1979).〕
The ''Carmen'' also contains the earliest description of the Cid's ancestry, describing him as ''Nobiliori de genere ortus / Quod in Castello non est illo maius'': "He sprung from a more noble family, there is none older than it in Castile." R. A. Fletcher suggests this is a discreet way of saying that the Cid's ancestors were not among the most noble, just nobler than some.〔Fletcher, 108.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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